What is the primary use of a transformer in an electrical circuit?

The primary use of a transformer in an electrical circuit is to step voltage up or down. This function is essential in power distribution systems. Transformers allow for the efficient transmission of electrical energy over long distances by increasing the voltage level, which reduces the current and minimizes power losses due to resistance in the wires. At the point of consumption, the voltage can then be stepped down to a safer level for use in homes and businesses.

Transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic induction and require alternating current (AC) to function, as they rely on changing magnetic fields to transfer energy between coils of wire. This capability is crucial for adapting voltage levels to suit different applications and ensuring that electrical devices operate safely and effectively.